Classical Liberalism is an ideology based on the philosophies of enlightenment thinkers like John Locke and John Stuart Mill. It's focused on maximizing individual liberty and freedom, while favoring a limited government. Classical liberals would look at how laws can change to allow people to live their lives as freely as possible. Sources: Libertarian Party logo: By The logo is from the following website: http://www.lp.org/, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17236332 Chart on Marijuana Laws: https://www.statista.com/chart/6681/the-states-where-its-legal-to-smoke-marijuana/

Liberalism is a complex political ideology. The question of 'who is a liberal?' is a tricky one to answer. This ideology is rooted in the philosophies of John Locke, Adam Smith, and John Stuart Mill. But - it has also evolved into what we now consider modern liberalism and the reaction to it - neoliberalism. Generally this ideology places emphasis on the protection of rights and freedoms and the preservation of liberal democratic norms and institutions. https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2017/04/how-did-word-liberal-become-political-insult US Capitol By Deved3218 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=144791564 Women's March, By Mobilus In Mobili - Women's March on Washington, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=55796823 Ron Desantis, Photograph by Daniel A Verla/AP, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/dec/20/anti-woke-race-america-history Free Speech Article Screenshot, https://nationalpost.com/opinion/chris-selley-canadas-free-speech-principles-are-more-like-the-u-s-than-not Clinton and Blair Photo, Photograph by Greg Gibson/AP, https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/06/02/bill-clinton-tony-blair-warning-for-progressives-00036616 Overton Window, By Hydrargyrum - Own work, based on discussion here and diagram here., CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37831314 Labour Party Logo, By https://labour.org.uk/, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=65366243 Conservative Party Logo - By Conservative Party (UK) - https://www.conservatives.com/, Public Domain, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8285014

Realism in International Relations believes that states operate in an anarchic international system. This means that there is no global authority that can govern what states can and cannot do. Realism also believes that states constantly compete with each other for power. According to realists, the most stable international system is one where a balance of power is achieved, making it unlikely that states will engage in conflict. Sources: Global Politics Guide, 2017, International Baccalaureate. Heywood, Andrew. Global Politics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. Mearsheimer, John J. "The False Promise of International Institutions." International Security 19, no. 3 (1994): 5-49. Accessed April 21, 2020. doi:10.2307/2539078. Murphy, Robert, and Charles Gleek. Global Politics: Supporting Every Learner across the IB Continuum. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 2016. Sens, Allen. "Balance of Power."

Economic Globalization is the process of global trade networks expanding - and is driven by transnational corporations and free trade agreements. Economic globalization is responsible for things such as your clothing and other household good being produced in countries outside of your own. International shipping and improvements in communication have been some of the central drivers of globalization in the 20th century.

During the French Revolution, Chateaus and art were major targets of the revolutionaries as they targeted symbols of the royalty and nobility. The Chateau de Gizeux has remarkable renaissance painting painted by Italian painters through its Francois I room. During the revolution, the owner with help from the locals constructed a fake wall to hide the paintings that wasn't discovered until later. This Chateau is now being meticulously restored by its current owners, Stephanie and Geraud de Laffon. You can find more info about the Chateau here: https://www.chateaudegizeux.com/

The 4 main causes of World War I were Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism. WWI broke out after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand triggered the July Crisis, but these causes created the environment that allowed that single event to spark an all-out world war. Sources: Gardner, Robert, Daniel J. McDevitt, Margaret Hoogeveen, and Angus L. Scully. Exploring Nationalism. Toronto, ON: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2008. Martel, Gordon. 2008. Origins of the First World War: Revised 3rd Edition. 3rd ed. London, England: Routledge. Image Sources: Alliance Map, By historicair (French original)Fluteflute & User:Bibi Saint-Pol (English translation) - Translated in English from French SVG Map_Europe_alliances_1914-fr.svg, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5702671 Schlieffen Plan, By Lvcvlvs - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=29123351

Canada and the United States have similar systems of government on the surface. They are both representative democracies where people elect leaders to make decisions on their behalf. Canada, however, follows the Westminster Parliamentary system, and the United States is a Republic, with more elected representatives at all levels. Sources: Noesgaard, D., Yoshida, D., Colless, R., Phui, L., & Fielding, J. (2010). Understandings of ideologies. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press. Image sources:​ Charles in 2012, By Dan Marsh - Flickr: Prince Charles, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12091140 Queen Elizabeth in Canada, By LGNSComms - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=107573770 Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip [sic] at the opening of parliament / La Reine Élizabeth II et le prince Philip à l'ouverture du parlement via BiblioArchives / LibraryArchives from Canada, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42084091 Mary Simon, By New Zealand Government, Office of the Governor-General - https://gg.govt.nz/image-galleries/9450/media?page=5, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=119159470 Stephen Harper, By Federal Government (Germany)/ REGIERUNGonline / Steins - G8 Summit 2007 Heiligendamm, Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7093145 Justin Trudeau, By Casa Rosada (Argentina Presidency of the Nation), CC BY 2.5 ar, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=119156975 Jean Cretien, By Gopmtl1 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=29092559 WLM King, By Unknown author -.William Lyon Mackenzie King / William Lyon Mackenzie King via BiblioArchives / LibraryArchives from Canada, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=67103312 2019 Election Canada, By Tholden28 - Shapes derived from Canada Election 2015 Results Map by DrRandomFactor, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=84088234 US Senate, By Original: Maksim Vector: Ipankonin - Vectorized fromSVG elements from, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3407880 Gridlock Article, https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-much-longer-can-this-era-of-political-gridlock-last/ Minority Government Article, https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/liberal-ndp-accord-confidence-supply-agreement-1.6397985 Senate Reform, https://vancouversun.com/news/daphne-bramham-its-time-to-think-again-about-the-senate-and-how-it-can-stymie-an-elected-government Senate Reform, https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/the-senate-is-an-absolutely-useless-body/ Charles, By Dan Marsh - Flickr: Prince Charles, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12091140 Parliament Hill, By Coolcaesar - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33969200 Capitol Hill, By Martin Falbisoner - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=28359031 Trudeau’s Cabinet, By Environment and Climate Change Canada - https://www.flickr.com/photos/environmentcan/22242691923/, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=101659143 Trudeau becomes Prime Minister, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/20/justin-trudeau-set-to-become-pm-as-liberals-sweep-board-in-canada-election Canadian Government Collapses in No Confidence vote, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/26/canadian-government-no-confidence-vote White House South Side, By Eddie Maloney from North Las Vegas, USA - DSC_1885, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31879701